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首先，我需要声明一下，本文所移植的IAP程序仅能用作参考，虽然加入了ymodem的通讯协议，提高了程序文件下载过程中的稳定性，但是由于移植的代码，本身就是示例程序，所以个人不建议直接用在工程中，但是可以作为工程测试、调试和个人DIY所用。

一、准备移植程序和工具¶

我们在移植AN4657到STM32F411VET6的过程中主要用到以下程序和工具：

AN4657-STM32Cube_IAP_using_UART\Projects\STM3210C_EVAL\IAP_Main\Inc AN4657-STM32Cube_IAP_using_UART\Projects\STM3210C_EVAL\IAP_Main\Src

二、拷贝需要的文件到工程目录下¶

1、解压缩通过下载得到的AN4657压缩包。

2、拷贝路径（AN4657-STM32Cube_IAP_using_UART\Projects\STM3210C_EVAL\IAP_Main\Inc）中的common.h、flash_if.h、menu.h、ymodem.h到我们自己的工程路径下的Inc文件夹中。

3、拷贝路径（AN4657-STM32Cube_IAP_using_UART\Projects\STM3210C_EVAL\IAP_Main\Src）中的common.c、flash_if.c、menu.c、ymodem.c到我们自己的工程路径下的Src文件夹中，并在keil中添加相应的文件。

三、修改串口的基本设置¶

串口的基本设置在STM32Cube可以进行设置，并生成相应的设置代码，但在我们的移植文件中需要用到串口设置，故我们需要在common.c、menu.c、ymodem.c三个文件中进行修改，我的示例代码是用USART1作为演示。

common.c修改部分如下所示：

/** @addtogroup STM32F4xx_IAP_Main
* @{
*/

/* Includes -------------------------------------------------------------*/
//根据实际情况修改引用的头文件，在原先程序中删除main.h的引用，加入stm32f4xx_hal.h和
//usart.h的引用。
#include "common.h"
#include "stm32f4xx_hal.h"
#include "usart.h"

/* Private typedef ------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private define -------------------------------------------------------*/
//为了修改方便，直接对UartHandle进行#define操作，镜像到实际使用的串口配置
//文件
#ifndef UartHandle
    #define UartHandle huart1
#endif
/* Private macro --------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private variables ----------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private function prototypes ------------------------------------------*/
/* Private functions ----------------------------------------------------*/

menu.c修改部分如下所示：

/** @addtogroup STM32F4xx_IAP
* @{
*/

/* Includes -------------------------------------------------------------*/
//根据实际情况修改引用的头文件，在原先程序中删除main.h的引用，加入stm32f4xx_hal.h和
//usart.h的引用。
#include "common.h"
#include "flash_if.h"
#include "menu.h"
#include "ymodem.h"
#include "stm32f4xx_hal.h"
#include "usart.h"

/* Private typedef ------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private define -------------------------------------------------------*/
//为了修改方便，直接对UartHandle进行#define操作，镜像到实际使用的串口配置
//文件
#ifndef UartHandle
  #define UartHandle huart1
#endif
/* Private macro --------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private variables ----------------------------------------------------*/

ymodem.c修改部分如下所示：

/** @addtogroup STM32F4xx_IAP
* @{
*/

/* Includes -------------------------------------------------------------*/
//根据实际情况修改引用的头文件，在原先程序中删除main.h的引用，加入stm32f4xx_hal.h和
//usart.h的引用。
#include "flash_if.h"
#include "common.h"
#include "ymodem.h"
#include "string.h"
#include "menu.h"
#include "stm32f4xx_hal.h"
#include "usart.h"

/* Private typedef ------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private define -------------------------------------------------------*/
//为了修改方便，直接对UartHandle进行#define操作，镜像到实际使用的串口配置
//文件
#ifndef UartHandle
  #define UartHandle huart1
#endif

#define CRC16_F       /* activate the CRC16 integrity */
/* Private macro --------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private variables ----------------------------------------------------*/

P.S.

1、common.h、menu.h、ymodem.h基本不需要任何修改，直接就可以用。

2、如果使用32F411EDISCOVERY，请您注意不要使用默认的USART1的IO设置，需要更改为 PB6、PB7，才可以正常使用，默认的TX引脚上接了一个uF级的电容，我因为这个事情调试了很长时间。

三、修改FLASH操作函数及其定义¶

在整个移植过程中，重头戏就是对flash_if.h和flash_if.c的移植，里面涉及到很多处修改，大部分修改是因为M4系列的MCU对FLASH的操作，没有页（Page）的概念，只有扇区（Sector）的操作函数造成的。

所以，综上所述需要先将各种Page（PAGE、page）换成Sector，这样基本上可以解决掉一批错误。

flash_if.h修改后如下所示：

/* Define to prevent recursive inclusion --------------------------------*/
#ifndef __FLASH_IF_H
#define __FLASH_IF_H

/* Includes -------------------------------------------------------------*/
//修改引用的头文件为F4的
#include "stm32f4xx_hal.h"

/* Exported types -------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Exported constants ---------------------------------------------------*/

/* Base address of the Flash sectors */
//定义扇区名和地址之间的关系，方便根据地址获取扇区的编号
#define ADDR_FLASH_SECTOR_0     ((uint32_t)0x08000000) /* Base @ of Sector 0, 16 Kbyte */
#define ADDR_FLASH_SECTOR_1     ((uint32_t)0x08004000) /* Base @ of Sector 1, 16 Kbyte */
#define ADDR_FLASH_SECTOR_2     ((uint32_t)0x08008000) /* Base @ of Sector 2, 16 Kbyte */
#define ADDR_FLASH_SECTOR_3     ((uint32_t)0x0800C000) /* Base @ of Sector 3, 16 Kbyte */
#define ADDR_FLASH_SECTOR_4     ((uint32_t)0x08010000) /* Base @ of Sector 4, 64 Kbyte */
#define ADDR_FLASH_SECTOR_5     ((uint32_t)0x08020000) /* Base @ of Sector 5, 128 Kbyte */
#define ADDR_FLASH_SECTOR_6     ((uint32_t)0x08040000) /* Base @ of Sector 6, 128 Kbyte */
#define ADDR_FLASH_SECTOR_7     ((uint32_t)0x08060000) /* Base @ of Sector 7, 128 Kbyte */
/* Error code */
enum 
{
  FLASHIF_OK = 0,
  FLASHIF_ERASEKO,
  FLASHIF_WRITINGCTRL_ERROR,
  FLASHIF_WRITING_ERROR,
  FLASHIF_PROTECTION_ERRROR
};

/* protection type */  
enum{
  FLASHIF_PROTECTION_NONE         = 0,
  FLASHIF_PROTECTION_PCROPENABLED = 0x1,
  FLASHIF_PROTECTION_WRPENABLED   = 0x2,
  FLASHIF_PROTECTION_RDPENABLED   = 0x4,
};

/* protection update */
enum {
    FLASHIF_WRP_ENABLE,
    FLASHIF_WRP_DISABLE
};

/* Define the address from where user application will be loaded.
   Note: the 1st sector 0x08000000-0x08003FFF is reserved for the IAP code */         
//根据实际的片内Flash大小修改结束地址，并删除不用的宏定义
#define APPLICATION_ADDRESS           (uint32_t)0x08004000      /* Start user code address */

/* Notable Flash addresses */
#define USER_FLASH_END_ADDRESS        (uint32_t)0x0807FFFF

/* Define the user application size */
#define USER_FLASH_SIZE               (USER_FLASH_END_ADDRESS - APPLICATION_ADDRESS + 1) /* Small default template application */


/* Exported macro -------------------------------------------------------*/
/* ABSoulute value */
#define ABS_RETURN(x,y)               ((x) < (y)) ? ((y)-(x)) : ((x)-(y))

/* Get the number of sectors from where the user program will be loaded */
#define FLASH_SECTOR_NUMBER           ((uint32_t)(ABS_RETURN(APPLICATION_ADDRESS,FLASH_START_BANK1))>>12)

/* Compute the mask to test if the Flash memory, where the user program will be
  loaded, is write protected */
#define FLASH_PROTECTED_SECTORS       (~(uint32_t)((1 << FLASH_SECTOR_NUMBER) - 1))
/* Exported functions --------------------------------------------------*/
void FLASH_If_Init(void);
uint32_t FLASH_If_Erase(uint32_t StartSector);
uint32_t FLASH_If_GetWriteProtectionStatus(void);
uint32_t FLASH_If_Write(uint32_t destination, uint32_t *p_source, uint32_t length);
uint32_t FLASH_If_WriteProtectionConfig(uint32_t modifier);

#endif  /* __FLASH_IF_H */

/******************* (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/

flash_if.c修改后如下所示：

/** @addtogroup STM32F4xx_IAP
  * @{
  */

/* Includes -------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "flash_if.h"

/* Private typedef ------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private define -------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private macro --------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private variables ----------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private function prototypes ------------------------------------------*/
//增加获取扇区的函数，方便获取扇区编号
static uint32_t GetSector(uint32_t Address);

/* Private functions ----------------------------------------------------*/

/**
  * @brief  Unlocks Flash for write access
  * @param  None
  * @retval None
  */
void FLASH_If_Init(void)
{
  /* Unlock the Program memory */
  HAL_FLASH_Unlock();

  /* Clear all FLASH flags */
  //根据实际的MCU清除FLASH标志位
  __HAL_FLASH_CLEAR_FLAG(FLASH_FLAG_EOP | FLASH_FLAG_OPERR | FLASH_FLAG_WRPERR | 
                  FLASH_FLAG_PGAERR | FLASH_FLAG_PGPERR|FLASH_FLAG_PGSERR);
  /* Unlock the Program memory */
  HAL_FLASH_Lock();
}

/**
  * @brief  This function does an erase of all user flash area
  * @param  start: start of user flash area
  * @retval FLASHIF_OK : user flash area successfully erased
  *         FLASHIF_ERASEKO : error occurred
  */
uint32_t FLASH_If_Erase(uint32_t start)
{
    //将相关的Page参数均修改为M4的Sector 参数
    uint32_t UserStartSector = FLASH_SECTOR_1;
    uint32_t NbrOfSector = 0;
    uint32_t SectorError = 0;
    FLASH_EraseInitTypeDef pEraseInit;
    HAL_StatusTypeDef status = HAL_OK;

    /* Unlock the Flash to enable the flash control register access *************/ 
    HAL_FLASH_Unlock();

    /* Get the sector where start the user flash area */
    UserStartSector = GetSector(APPLICATION_ADDRESS);
    NbrOfSector = FLASH_SECTOR_7 - UserStartSector + 1;

    pEraseInit.TypeErase = FLASH_TYPEERASE_SECTORS;
    pEraseInit.Sector = UserStartSector;
    pEraseInit.Banks = FLASH_BANK_1;
    pEraseInit.NbSectors = NbrOfSector;
    pEraseInit.VoltageRange = FLASH_VOLTAGE_RANGE_3;
    status = HAL_FLASHEx_Erase(&pEraseInit, &SectorError);
    /* Lock the Flash to disable the flash control register access (recommended
     to protect the FLASH memory against possible unwanted operation) *********/
    HAL_FLASH_Lock();

    if (status != HAL_OK)
    {
        /* Error occurred while Sector erase */
        return FLASHIF_ERASEKO;
    }

    return FLASHIF_OK;
}

/* Public functions -----------------------------------------------------*/
/**
  * @brief  This function writes a data buffer in flash (data are 32-bit aligned).
  * @note   After writing data buffer, the flash content is checked.
  * @param  destination: start address for target location
  * @param  p_source: pointer on buffer with data to write
  * @param  length: length of data buffer (unit is 32-bit word)
  * @retval uint32_t 0: Data successfully written to Flash memory
  *         1: Error occurred while writing data in Flash memory
  *         2: Written Data in flash memory is different from expected one
  */
uint32_t FLASH_If_Write(uint32_t destination, uint32_t *p_source, uint32_t length)
{
  uint32_t i = 0;

  /* Unlock the Flash to enable the flash control register access *************/
  HAL_FLASH_Unlock();

  for (i = 0; (i < length) && (destination <= (USER_FLASH_END_ADDRESS-4)); i++)
  {
    /* Device voltage range supposed to be [2.7V to 3.6V], the operation will
       be done by word */ 
    if (HAL_FLASH_Program(FLASH_TYPEPROGRAM_WORD, destination, *(uint32_t*)(p_source+i)) == HAL_OK)      
    {
     /* Check the written value */
      if (*(uint32_t*)destination != *(uint32_t*)(p_source+i))
      {
        /* Flash content doesn't match SRAM content */
        return(FLASHIF_WRITINGCTRL_ERROR);
      }
      /* Increment FLASH destination address */
      destination += 4;
    }
    else
    {
      /* Error occurred while writing data in Flash memory */
      return (FLASHIF_WRITING_ERROR);
    }
  }

  /* Lock the Flash to disable the flash control register access (recommended
     to protect the FLASH memory against possible unwanted operation) *********/
  HAL_FLASH_Lock();

  return (FLASHIF_OK);
}

/**
  * @brief  Returns the write protection status of application flash area.
  * @param  None
  * @retval If a sector in application area is write-protected returned value is a combinaison
            of the possible values : FLASHIF_PROTECTION_WRPENABLED, FLASHIF_PROTECTION_PCROPENABLED, ...
  *         If no sector is write-protected FLASHIF_PROTECTION_NONE is returned.
  */
uint32_t FLASH_If_GetWriteProtectionStatus(void)
{
  uint32_t ProtectedSector = FLASHIF_PROTECTION_NONE;
  FLASH_OBProgramInitTypeDef OptionsBytesStruct;

  /* Unlock the Flash to enable the flash control register access ********/
  HAL_FLASH_Unlock();

  /*Check if there are write protected sectors inside the user flash area*/
  HAL_FLASHEx_OBGetConfig(&OptionsBytesStruct);

  /* Lock the Flash to disable the flash control register access (recommended
     to protect the FLASH memory against possible unwanted operation) *********/
  HAL_FLASH_Lock();

  /* Get Sectors already write protected *********************************/
  //后面的保护区域，没有看懂，所以直接屏蔽掉了
  ProtectedSector = ~OptionsBytesStruct.WRPSector;

  /* Check if desired Sectors are already write protected ****************/
  if(ProtectedSector != 0)
  {
    /* Some sectors inside the user flash area are write protected */
    return FLASHIF_PROTECTION_WRPENABLED;
  }
  else
  { 
    /* No write protected sectors inside the user flash area */
    return FLASHIF_PROTECTION_NONE;
  }
}

/**
  * @brief  Configure the write protection status of user flash area.
  * @param  protectionstate : FLASHIF_WRP_DISABLE or FLASHIF_WRP_ENABLE the protection
  * @retval uint32_t FLASHIF_OK if change is applied.
  */
uint32_t FLASH_If_WriteProtectionConfig(uint32_t protectionstate)
{
  uint32_t ProtectedSector = 0x0;
  FLASH_OBProgramInitTypeDef config_new, config_old;
  HAL_StatusTypeDef result = HAL_OK;


  /* Get Sectors write protection status *********************************/
  HAL_FLASHEx_OBGetConfig(&config_old);

  /* The parameter says whether we turn the protection on or off */
  config_new.WRPState = (protectionstate == FLASHIF_WRP_ENABLE ? OB_WRPSTATE_ENABLE : OB_WRPSTATE_DISABLE);

  /* We want to modify only the Write protection */
  config_new.OptionType = OPTIONBYTE_WRP;

  /* No read protection, keep BOR and reset settings */
  config_new.RDPLevel = OB_RDP_LEVEL_0;
  config_new.USERConfig = config_old.USERConfig;  
  /* Get Sectors already write protected *********************************/
  //后面的保护区域，没有看懂，所以直接屏蔽掉了
  ProtectedSector = config_old.WRPSector;

  /* Unlock the Flash to enable the flash control register access *******/ 
  HAL_FLASH_Unlock();

  /* Unlock the Options Bytes ********************************************/
  HAL_FLASH_OB_Unlock();

  /* Erase all the option Bytes ******************************************/
  //在HAL_F4的库中没有找到擦除命令位的函数，故在此注释掉
  //result = HAL_FLASHEx_OBErase();

  //if (result == HAL_OK)
  //{
  config_new.WRPSector    = ProtectedSector;
  result = HAL_FLASHEx_OBProgram(&config_new);
  //}

  return (result == HAL_OK ? FLASHIF_OK: FLASHIF_PROTECTION_ERRROR);
}

/**
  * @brief  根据送入地址获取其所在扇区位置
  * @param  需要知道所在扇区位置的地址
  * @retval 扇区位置（FLASH_SECTOR_0——FLASH_SECTOR_7）
  */
//增加扇区编号的获取函数
static uint32_t GetSector(uint32_t Address)
{
    uint32_t sector = 0;

    if((Address < ADDR_FLASH_SECTOR_1) && (Address >= ADDR_FLASH_SECTOR_0))
    {
        sector = FLASH_SECTOR_0;  
    }
    else if((Address < ADDR_FLASH_SECTOR_2) && (Address >= ADDR_FLASH_SECTOR_1))
    {
        sector = FLASH_SECTOR_1;  
    }
    else if((Address < ADDR_FLASH_SECTOR_3) && (Address >= ADDR_FLASH_SECTOR_2))
    {
        sector = FLASH_SECTOR_2;  
    }
    else if((Address < ADDR_FLASH_SECTOR_4) && (Address >= ADDR_FLASH_SECTOR_3))
    {
        sector = FLASH_SECTOR_3;  
    }
    else if((Address < ADDR_FLASH_SECTOR_5) && (Address >= ADDR_FLASH_SECTOR_4))
    {
        sector = FLASH_SECTOR_4;  
    }
    else if((Address < ADDR_FLASH_SECTOR_6) && (Address >= ADDR_FLASH_SECTOR_5))
    {
        sector = FLASH_SECTOR_5;  
    }
    else if((Address < ADDR_FLASH_SECTOR_7) && (Address >= ADDR_FLASH_SECTOR_6))
    {
        sector = FLASH_SECTOR_6;  
    }
    else 
    {
        sector = FLASH_SECTOR_7;  
    }
    return sector;
}
/**
  * @}
  */

/******************* (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/

四、Keil需要修改的位置¶

1、需要根据设置的APP程序起始的位置，设置KEIL中APP程序起始位置与程序空间大小

Porting-AN4657-STM32Cube-IAP-using-UART-to-STM32F411VET6-image-0

2、需要在User选项卡中增加自定义处理字符串，C:\Program Files\Keil\ARM\ARMCC\bin\fromelf.exe --bin -o .\存放bin的路径\bin文件的名称.bin .\Keil编译后生成的axf的路径\axf文件的名称.axf

Porting-AN4657-STM32Cube-IAP-using-UART-to-STM32F411VET6-image-1

五、设置中断向量表偏移¶

需要在main.c文件中的/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */和/* USER CODE END 1 */之间增加一条设置中断向量表的语句SCB->VTOR = FLASH_BASE | 0x4000;，如下所示。

main.c增加的代码示意如下：

1
2
3

/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */   
SCB->VTOR = FLASH_BASE | 0x4000;
/* USER CODE END 1 */

六、结语¶

关于具体的下载流程及操作，我在这里就不多做叙述了，官方文档中说的已经非常清楚。本次移植过程也是个人摸索得出的，如果有不尽完善的地方，欢迎您提出，我进行验证更正。

移植AN4657到STM32F411VET6 STM32Cube IAP using UART

一、准备移植程序和工具¶

二、拷贝需要的文件到工程目录下¶

三、修改串口的基本设置¶

三、修改FLASH操作函数及其定义¶

四、Keil需要修改的位置¶

五、设置中断向量表偏移¶

六、结语¶

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